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In recent years, breakthroughs in nucleic acid modification and delivery vectors have brought about a wave of innovative transformational therapies. Among them, nucleic acid drugs, which are considered to be the third generation of innovative drugs after small molecule drugs and antibody drugs, have experienced explosive growth. Its advantages lie in a wide range of […]

Carbohydrates are not only important energy sources for life activities, but also store important biological information in the glycogroup (glycan structure), which participates in regulating cell fate, energy supply, and the balance between health and disease. As intracellular conditions (metabolic stress, growth factors, cytokines) are stimulated, the glycan structure will undergo aberrant glycosylation modifications due to remodeling, […]

Now that defense and immune response to pathogens have become the object of intense research, antibodies are integral to host defense mechanisms. The circulation’s most common antibody, IgG, is thought to be involved in the defense against viral and bacterial infections, and especially the Glycosylation of its fragment crystallizable (Fc) soluble part plays a major role […]

One of the hottest new cancer treatments are Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs). 15 ADCs are approved so far and over 210 are in clinical trials. The ADC drug development has entered a phase of proliferation over the past couple of years on several target (HER2, EGFR, Trop2, CLDN18.2, Nectin-4), with high efficacy and safety. Drug combination therapy and […]

The invention of medical Oligonucleotides made medical treatment for genetic disorders revolutionary. On April 12, 2024, S. L. Lovelock's team from the University of Manchester published an article entitled "Modern approaches to therapeutic oligonucleotide manufacturing". The paper elaborates the way to optimize the efficiency of production, consistent products, large scale production to serve the market with […]

In recent years, the research and development and clinical treatment of small nucleic acid drugs have achieved many breakthrough results. It has become a new global investment outlet and a must-win for biopharmaceutical giants, and nucleic acid therapy has entered the fast lane. Drugs made of small nucleic acids target mRNA in cells mostly through the […]

The growing demand for nucleic acid drugs and vaccines highlights the urgent need for improved technologies to produce long DNA and RNA sequences with Chemical Modifications. Unlike DNA, surprisingly little effort has been devoted to making therapeutic RNA Oligonucleotides longer than the short sequences (20-80 nt) used for small interfering RNA (siRNA) and microRNA (miRNA). In […]

In January 2024, Kohji Yamada and Akira Mine published an article titled "Sugar coordinates plant defense signaling" in Science Advances, revealing the crucial role of Sugar in coordinating the defense system of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, and drawing a signaling flowchart of sugar in plant defense. Plants have formed a variety of constitutive and inducible defense […]

The development of nucleic acid therapy requires efficient chemical reactions to connect oligonucleotides with functional chemical modules to improve their stability, promote cellular uptake and achieve specific targeting. In the currently used siRNA therapy, the 3' end of the oligonucleotide is mainly modified with triple-N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)3. However, the implementation of this modification method requires cumbersome […]