The adjuvant is a non-specific immune enhancer. When a small amount of adjuvant is injected into the body at the same time or in advance with the antigen, it helps the antigen to elicit faster, stronger, and longer-lasting immune response. Adjuvant can be obtained directly from natural products in nature or can be synthesized artificially. As a recognized expert in adjuvant research, CD BioGlyco provides high-quality inulin-based adjuvant development services.
Inulin is a carbohydrate present in natural plant sources such as Jerusalem artichoke and chicory, belonging to the linear β-D-(2→1) polyfructofuranosyl α-D-glucose family. The main component of inulin is a class of structurally similar fructans, which is metabolized into simple fructose and glucose in the body. Inulin activates and depletes complement when incubated with human serum. Therefore, inulin derivatives are used for complement activation. In addition, inulin is also used in vaccine adjuvants to prevent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), influenza, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and hepatitis B, etc.
Fig.1 Structure of delta inulin. (Petroski, 2017)
Unlike most immunologically active polysaccharides, inulin in its natural soluble form is not immunologically active. However, when crystallized into stable delta inulin particles, its adjuvant activity is widely recognized. Delta inulin enhances humoral and cellular immunity to vaccine antigens. Although a lot of research has been done on inulin adjuvant, its mechanism of action is still unclear. Some researchers have hypothesized that delta inulin modulates antigen-presenting cell function in a non-inflammatory manner, thereby enhancing co-stimulation and activation of helper T cells to expand memory B cells and CD8+ T cells.
Currently, delta inulin adjuvant has been shown to enhance the immunogenicity of various antigens, including recombinant proteins and synthetic peptides. And it is effective in a wide range of animal species. Therefore, delta inulin adjuvant is used as a novel immunomodulator and has great potential in preventive and therapeutic vaccines for humans and animals. CD BioGlyco provides inulin-based adjuvant development services including but not limited to:
CD BioGlyco is a globally recognized leader in the development of carbohydrate-based adjuvants. We have the most advanced Glyco™ Vaccine Development Platform to guarantee your adjuvant development project. If you have inulin-based adjuvant development needs, please feel free to contact us.
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