The structure of biomolecules determines their function. To understand their biological efficacy, adequate characterization of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) is crucial. CD BioGlyco has developed the One-stop Solution for HMO Research and provides synthesis, extraction, and analysis services of HMOs.
Breast milk is a complex, dynamically changing biological fluid that contains essential nutrients such as lactose, fat, and protein, and is critical for an infant's early development. HMOs are non-digestible sugars in human milk that display a high degree of complex structural diversity. Although HMOs are non-nutritive to infants, they have many important biological effects, such as affecting the formation of the infant's gut microbiome, affecting the immune system, and supporting brain development. The gut microbiota is known to perform functions that are critical to the health and development of newborns. HMOs in breast milk induce the development of abundant Bifidobacteria in the gut, thereby shaping a healthy infant gut microbiota. HMOs can also bind to pathogens to inhibit bacterial and viral adhesion to cell surface receptors. In addition, recent studies have shown that HMOs play important roles in brain development and cellular interactions.
The backbones of HMOs and N-glycans are often modified with fucose and sialic acid to form various recognition motifs, such as blood group antigens and Lewis antigens. Fucosylated glycans, especially fucosylated HMOs, have important biological functions. LNFP I is the second most abundant fucosylated HMO in human milk after 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL). Its structure is Fucα1,2Galβ1,3GlcNAcβ1,3Galβ1,4Glc, and its concentration in human milk is 0.94-2.25 g/L. LNFP I is an important nutrient in breast milk, which has good anti-norovirus, promotes the growth of intestinal probiotics and prevents breast cancer metastasis.
Fig.1 Structure of LNFP I. (CD BioGlyco)
HMOs display highly complex structural diversity due to the many linkage or heterotypic options for building monosaccharide units. To elucidate their structure-function, effective and stable analytical methods are urgently needed. With years of accumulated knowledge and experience, CD BioGlyco has developed a one-stop solution for HMO Profiling. Not only do we analyze LNFP I in samples by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Capillary Electrophoresis (CE), but we also couple HPLC/CE with Mass Spectrometry (MS) to obtain structural information.
In addition, we also provide diverse HMO products for global clients, including but not limited to:
| Cat. No. | Product Name | Cat. No. | Product Name |
|---|---|---|---|
| XCO0089Q | Lacto-N-biose | XCO0101Q | Disialosyl galactosyl globoside |
| XCO0090Q | N-Acetyl-D-lactosamine | XCO0102Q | Lacto-N-tetraose |
| XCO0091Q | 2'-Fucosyllactose | XCO0103Q | Lacto-N-neotetraose |
| XCO0092Q | 3-Fucosyllactose | XCO0104Q | Lacto-N-fucopentaose I |
| XCO0093Q | Lactodifucotetraose | XCO0105Q | Lacto-N-fucopentaose III |
| XCO0094Q | Lacto-N-triose I | XCO0106Q | Disialyllacto-N-tetraose |
| XCO0095Q | Lacto-N-triose II | XCO0107Q | 3'-Sialyllacto-N-neotetraose |
| XCO0096Q | 3'-Sialyllactose sodium salt | XCO0108Q | Sialyllacto-N-tetraose a |
| XCO0097Q | 3'-Sialyl-N-acetyllactosamine sodium salt | XCO0109Q | Sialyllacto-N-tetraose b |
| XCO0098Q | 6'-Sialyllactose sodium salt | XCO0110Q | Sialyllacto-N-tetraose c |
| XCO0099Q | 6'-α-Sialyl-N-acetyllactosamine sodium salt | XCO0111Q | p-Lacto-N-neohexaose |
| XCO0100Q | 3'-Sialyl-3-fucosyllactose |
CD BioGlyco obtains the HMO content and structure information in the sample through a complete HMO analysis solution. We also work with our partners to tailor solutions to meet the specific needs of any project. If you are interested in our services, please feel free to contact us.
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