CD BioGlyco is committed to providing One-stop Human Milk Oligosaccharides (HMO) Solution for universities, research institutes, and enterprises. Our solutions cover the production, extraction, and analysis of HMOs to meet your specific project requirements.

Structure and Function of Lacto-N-fucopentaose III (LNFP III)

HMOs are short, complex carbohydrates found in breast milk, usually consisting of 3-10 monosaccharide units. HMOs have been shown to play important roles in infants' gut microbiota, cognitive brain function, and immune development. LNFP III is a member of the fucosylated HMO family and consists of five sugar units, namely Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4Glc. LNFP III is formed by adding α1,3 fucose to N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) unit of the third carbon position of lactose-N-neotetraose (LNnT). It has been reported that LNFP III may activate macrophages and natural killer cells (NK cells), and induce the secretion of interleukin 10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α).

Fig.1 Structure of LNFPIII. (CD BioGlyco)

Biosynthesis of LNFP III

Isolation and extraction of HMOs from natural human milk is not only very low yield but also complicated and expensive isolation steps. Therefore, artificial synthesis is the best choice to obtain HMO, including chemical synthesis, enzymatic synthesis, and microbial production. Low-cost fermentative production of various HMOs from lactose by engineered Escherichia coli has attracted attention. Either a one-pot multi-enzyme (OPME) system or microbial fermentation using α1,3-fucosyltransferase (α1,3-FucT) is commonly used to produce LNFP III. In both methods, α1,3-FucT from bacteria such as Helicobacter pylori or Bacteroides fragilis is used to produce LNFP III from LNnT (acceptor) and GDP-fucose (GDP-Fuc, donor) as substrates.

Fig.2 LNFP III production pathway. (Sugita, et al., 2022)

LNFP III Analysis Service at CD BioGlyco

HMOs have short oligosaccharide chain lengths, but their wide variation in position and linkage makes HMO analysis challenging. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) are the most commonly used methods for HMO Profiling. At CD BioGlyco, we combine HPLC with pulsed amperometric detection (PAD) to analyze LNFP III in human milk, animal milk, or biosynthetic samples, which does not require derivatization. We also have developed CE to detect HMOs in samples. The method has the advantages of low sample volume requirement, low buffer consumption, fast, and high-resolution separation.

In addition, we provide diverse HMO products for global clients, including but not limited to:

Advantages of Us

• HPLC and CE analysis method
• Suitable for animal milk, human milk, and biosynthetic samples
• Fast and high-resolution
• Professional technical team to track the project throughout the process

CD BioGlyco has several methods to provide HMO analysis services for our global clients. After the experiment is completed, we will provide accurate data and a complete analysis report. If you would like to analyze the HMO in the sample, please feel free to contact us, our technical staff will communicate with you in time.

Reference:

1. Sugita, T.; et al. Efficient production of lacto-N-fucopentaose III in engineered Escherichia coli using α1,3-fucosyltransferase from Parabacteroides goldsteinii. Journal of Biotechnology. 2023, 361: 110-118.