With extensive experience and advanced technology, CD BioGlyco has developed a complete one-stop solution for lipidomics analysis. This solution rapidly quantifies and identifies globosides in different samples to meet the research needs of scientists.

Structures and Synthesis of Globoside

Globoside is a lipid-like glycosphingolipid consisting of a ceramide backbone linked to a neutral/non-acidic oligosaccharide "head" group. It has 3~9 sugar molecules as the R group of ceramide, usually a mixture of N-acetylgalactosamine, D-glucose, or D-galactose. The number of sugars in the globoside "head" group is reflected in the name of the globosides. For example, globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) globoside is composed of a ceramide backbone linked to a neutral oligosaccharide unit composed of three sugar molecules.

The synthesis of the oligosaccharide moiety of Gb3 occurs in the Golgi apparatus. First, glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) catalyzes the binding of glucose molecules to ceramides to form glucosylceramide (GlcCer). Then, β-1,4 galactosyltransferase 5 (β4Gal-T5) combines with a galactose molecule to form lactosylceramide (LacCer). Finally, α-1,4 galactose is added to LacCer to generate Gb3, catalyzed by lactosylceramide Gb3 synthase.

Fig.1 Chemical structure of Gb3. (Celi, et al., 2022)

Functions of Globoside

Globosides are present in the cell membranes of animals, plants, and fungi with their "head" groups facing out of the cell, providing the cell with a protective carbohydrate coating. Globosides are also involved in signal transduction and regulate intercellular signaling pathways. Gb3 and globotetraosylceramide (Gb4) are the most studied globosides. Studies have shown that Gb3 plays an important role as a receptor for transporting toxins in microcapsules and exosomes. Gb3 is also involved in the expression of various human tumor cells such as astrocytoma cell lines and human hematopoietic tumor cell lines. Gb4 is the major glycolipid found in human erythrocyte membranes, known for its role in blood grouping, and plays an important role in cell-cell interactions.

Globoside Analysis Service

Mass spectrometry (MS) is increasingly used as a fast and accurate analytical technique. CD BioGlyco combines MS with other techniques to efficiently isolate target compounds from complex samples and accurately measure their levels. Given the physiological and pathological effects of globoside, we have developed an advanced sphingolipid assay strategy. We provide clients with analysis services for Gb3 and Gb4 by Q Exactive Orbitrap-MS and define the content of globoside in pmol & mol%. After the project is completed, we will provide a complete project report, including sample preparation, analysis method, instrument parameters, analytical data, and spectrum.

In addition, we also provide high-quality globoside products for global clients, including but not limited to:

Advantages of Us

• Complete quantification and identification system
• High sensitivity, stability, and reproducibility
• Reliable and fast globoside service
• Detailed report including sample preparation, analysis method, instrument parameters, analytical data, and spectrum

With years of experience in lipidomics analysis, CD BioGlyco has been recognized by scientists from many countries around the world. Based on a high-sensitivity, high-stability, and reproducible quantification and identification system, we provide fast and reliable globoside analysis services. If you are interested in our services and products, please contact us for more details without any hesitation.

Reference:

1. Celi, A.B.; et al. Role of globotriaosylceramide in physiology and pathology. Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences. 2022, 23: 104.