Introduction to Guanine Nucleotides

Guanine nucleotide is a nucleotide consisting of the base guanine, a sugar molecule (usually deoxyribose or ribose), and a phosphate unit. Guanine is very commonly found in nature, mostly as nucleoside and nucleotide derivatives, namely phosphorylates: guanosine monophosphate (GMP), guanosine diphosphate (GDP), and guanosine triphosphate (GTP). To maintain the balance of purine nucleotides, cells have developed an interconversion system between them. GTP, GDP, and GMP are sequentially dephosphorylated by exonucleases to produce guanosine and release inorganic phosphate. A further enzymatic reaction converts guanosine into guanine, which is then converted into xanthine and subsequently to uric acid. Guanine-based nucleotides can act as independent inductors or regulators in excitatory tissues and can directly regulate many stages of cell regeneration and differentiation processes, which play a variety of functions in cells, including energy transfer, signal transduction, and regulation of protein activity.

Fig.1 The structure of nucleotide. (Chandel, 2021)

Guanine Nucleotide Production Service at CD BioGlyco

• Custom Synthesis

CD BioGlyco provides customized guanine nucleotide synthesis services to meet the needs of specific specifications, purity, and quantity.

• Synthetic Route Optimization

CD BioGlyco optimizes the synthetic route and process conditions, which can improve the yield and purity of guanine nucleotides to achieve more efficient production.

• Modification service

CD BioGlyco provides guanine nucleotide unit modification services.

• Large-scale production

CD BioGlyco has large-scale manufacturing capabilities to meet the needs of high-volume guanine nucleotides and ensure quality and consistency.

• Quality control

CD BioGlyco is equipped with advanced quality control facilities and technologies for testing and verifying the quality and purity of guanine nucleotide products.

• Featured products

GTP, GDP, GMP, 7-Methylguanosine-5'-triphosphate, Guanosine diphosphate (pGpp), Guanosine diphosphate-disodium salt (GpG), Guanosine phosphate triphosphate (ppGpp), Carbamoylguanine nucleotides (fGAM), Ubiquitin-linked guanine nucleotides (Ubiquitin-GMP), Guanosine 5'-monophosphorothioate, Guanylate kinase, Guanine deaminase.

Fig.2 Guanine nucleotide production services. (CD BioGlyco)

Applications

• Pharmaceutical study: Guanine nucleotides can be used as raw materials, excipients, or active ingredients of drugs to support projects in the fields of drug discovery, drug screening, and pharmacological study.
• Biochemistry and molecular biology: Guanine nucleotides can be used as reagents or substrates for protein structure and function research, signal transduction pathway analysis, enzyme-catalyzed reactions, and other related experiments.
• Development of diagnostic reagents: Specific forms or derivatives of guanine nucleotides can be used to develop various diagnostic reagents, for example, the detection of gene mutations, genetic diseases, and tumor markers.
• Industrial production: It can be used as a food additive and cosmetic ingredient.

Advantages

• Professional team: An experienced professional team with professional knowledge and technology in the field of guanine nucleotide can provide customers with accurate technical guidance and solutions.
• Flexible customization options: Customers can choose different modifications, labels, or other functional groups according to their research needs.
• Technical support and consultation: We provide technical support and professional consultation related to guanine nucleotide, including experimental design, optimization of modification schemes, and resolution of possible problems.

CD BioGlyco provides professional guanine nucleotide production services. Moreover, other services containing Adenine Nucleotide Production Service, and Nucleotide-based Production Service are also provided. Please feel free to contact us at any time if you would like to further inquire about production services.