Polymer NP offers valuable assets for treating and preventing infectious diseases because their size is small to cross biological barriers. Furthermore, they efficiently enhance cellular uptake and offer sustained release capabilities. Besides, they protect labile drugs against in vivo enzymatic degradation. Currently, there is a wide spectrum of biodegradable polymer NPs including Natural NPs and synthetic NPs. They are able to be employed to enhance immunogenicity for vaccine delivery. Encapsulating vaccine antigens within polymer NPs have the ability to prevent antigen degradation. Delivering them through the mucosal pathway enables efficient immune response stimulation. This delivery method ensures that the antigen is released for optimal effectiveness. Moreover, polymeric NPs display significant potential in augmenting the immunogenicity of vaccines and the advancement of nano-vaccines. In order to augment efficiency and attain the intended structure of NPs, additional investigation is imperative. That may broaden prospective therapeutic utilizations and the scope of NP manufacturing.
Fig.1 NPs for vaccination. (Chattopadhyay, et al., 2017)
CD BioGlyco provides several synthetic polymers for vaccine development including chitosan derivatives, such as O-2'-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (O-2'-HACC), N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (N-2-HACC), and N-2-hydroxypropyl dimethylethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (N-2-HFCC), as well as poly (lactic acid-glycolic acid) (PLGA), poly(ϵ-caprolactone) (PCL), dendrimers, poly (alkyl cyanoacrylates), polyanhydride, and poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG), among others. Our previous studies found that chitosan derivatives containing the epoxypropyl dimethylethyl ammonium chloride (EEA) group exhibit higher water solubility in comparison to chitosan. Owing to the biocompatibility, low virulence, and high biodegradability of PLGA and PLA, they remain the primary synthetic polymers used at CD BioGlyco. We prepare those NPs by numerous techniques including solvent evaporation, emulsification-solvent diffusion, nanoprecipitation, and so on. Specifically, we generate PLGA and PLA by slowly adding the hydrophobic polymers dissolved in an organic phase into an aqueous phase.
PLGA is widely regarded as one of the most favored biomedical application polymers at CD BioGlyco. Because its non-toxic, non-immunogenic, and biodegradable properties are well established, as the polymer is broken down into lactic and glycolic acids by the body's metabolic pathways upon administration. PLGA NPs display a robust platform for antigen functionalization that proves effective in carrying antigens derived from a diverse range of pathogens. We conjugate it to some antigens including those derived from Plasmodium vivax, hepatitis B virus (HBV), Bacillus anthracis, and tetanus toxin through surface conjugation or interior encapsulation. Additionally, adjuvants are either encapsulated or chemically bound to the PLGA polymer backbone for controlling delivery to improve immune response. Besides, we combine detoxified lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Pseudomonas Aeruginosa with PLGA NPs through 1-ethyl-3-dimethyl aminopropyl carbodiimide (EDAC) and N-hydroxy-succinimide (NHS) coupling strategy to generate conjugates. Then, we evaluate the conjugate connection by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), zetasizer, and atomic force microscope (AFM).
Fig.2 Our synthetic polymers. (CD BioGlyco)
CD BioGlyco is a renowned biotech company that specializes in developing Vaccines Based on Carbohydrates. Our advanced Glyco™ Vaccine Development Platform empowers us to develop innovative vaccines that utilize glycoconjugates to trigger specific immune responses. We're committed to exploring vaccines for all researchers. If our services have aroused your interest, don't hesitate to contact us to obtain more detailed information.
Reference:
