Physiological Effects of Guanosine Triphosphate (GTP)

GTP is an energy carrier molecule for synthesizing protein. GTP activates the G protein (which is involved in many cellular processes such as proliferation and differentiation) and a variety of intercellular kinase cascades. In addition to its role in signaling, GTP is also an energy-rich precursor of nucleotide units in the biosynthesis of RNA and DNA.

Fig.1 Chemical structure of GTP. (CD BioGlyco)

Synthetic Strategies

In developed chemical synthesis methods, phosphorus oxychloride (a toxic agent) is used as a phosphate donor. However, purine nucleotides are prone to degradation in the reaction.

The biocatalytic strategy based on enzymes from nucleotide metabolism instead of the traditional chemical synthesis can be more friendly to preparing GTP. At present, NTP cycle and regeneration systems are widely used. In the process, a small amount of NTP is used as the phosphoric acid donor to complete a large number of reactions, which not only greatly reduces the production cost and the trouble of product separation, but also avoids the inhibition of reaction balance caused by the accumulation of NTP/NDP.

GTP Production Service at CD BioGlyco

CD BioGlyco has a comprehensive grasp of the chemical synthesis methods for GTP and gives priority to enzyme-catalyzed GTP production strategies to help you obtain high-quality GTP products in an economical, environmentally friendly, and efficient way. With GTP produced at CD BioGlyco, you will proceed smoothly with your research.

Fig.2 Typical applications of GTP. (CD BioGlyco)

• GTP in protein synthesis: GTP coupled with initiation factor 2 (IF2) participates in protein synthesis. It is used to assemble microtubules from tubulin dimers. CD BioGlyco produces high-purity GTP for your research in protein synthesis.
• GTP in signal transduction: The activity of signaling pathway proteins, including the heterotrimer G protein and the monomer G protein, can be regulated by GTP to participate in cell communication, vesicle transport, and other cellular activities. CD BioGlyco provides GTP with accurate structure to support your exploration of cell signaling.
• GTP in RNA/DNA synthesis: GTP is a nucleotide unit precursor for the synthesis of RNA. dGTP obtained by removing an oxygen atom from GTP is a unit precursor for DNA synthesis.
• GTP in anti-depression: Studies have shown that GTP activates adenylate cyclase in the brain, giving a certain enhancement to antidepressant treatment. Its analogues can activate neurotransmitter sensitivity and enhance drug efficacy. CD BioGlyco assists you with our GTP products in the development of antidepressant therapies.
• GTP in microarray platforms: GTP is applied in horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-modified microarray platforms for protein and nucleic acid labeling and automatic screening.
• GTP in whole-cell voltage-clamp: GTP is added to the solution as a high-energy molecule to allow for whole-cell voltage-clamp measuring the overall electrical properties of the cell membrane.
• GTP as an inhibitor against tissue transglutaminase (tTG): GTP inhibits the activity of tTG, an autoantigen in celiac disease, by inducing conformational changes. CD BioGlyco provides you with GTP that can be used as a tTG inhibitor.

Applications

• Study on in vivo protein synthesis.
• Study on cell signaling.
• Development of antidepressant therapy.
• Synthesis of RNA/DNA in vitro.
• Preparation of HRP-modified microarray platforms.
• Preparation of whole-cell voltage-clamp.
• tTG inhibitor.

Highlights

• Mature chemical synthesis method for GTP.
• Innovative enzyme-catalyzed method based on NTP cycle and regeneration system.
• Experienced technicians.
• Cost-effective.

CD BioGlyco also offers Nucleotide&Nucleotide, Oligonucleotide, and Polynucleotide Synthesis Services for clients. If you are interested in our services, please feel free to contact us or browse our Platforms for more information.